Make a Pap test part of your regularly scheduled health screenings. For women age 21 and older, a Pap smear can detect cervical cancer early.

Almost all cervical cancers are caused by human papillomavirus, or HPV. You are more likely to get HPV if you became sexually active at an early age, or if you or your partner has had multiple sexual partners, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Any woman who has been sexually active is at risk for developing HPV. Even if you've had the HPV vaccine, you should have regular Pap tests. The HPV vaccine lowers the risk of cervical cancer, but does not prevent all cervical cancers. You also are at greater risk for cervical cancer if you:

• Have HIV or any disease that compromises your immune system
• Smoke

Early cervical cancer may not cause any symptoms. If, however, you experience any unusual bleeding or discharge, schedule an appointment with your provider.

Here are additional precautions recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention that you can take to help prevent cervical cancer:

• Get the HPV vaccine. It protects against the types of HPV that most often cause cervical, vaginal and vulvar cancers. The HPV vaccine is recommended for 11- and 12-year-old girls, and the three-shot series can be started as early as age 9. Catch-up vaccination is recommended for young women ages 13 through 26 who have not completed the vaccination series.
• Make sure you follow up with your health care provider if your Pap results are abnormal.
• Don't start smoking, or take your best shot at quitting.

Caring for yourself includes practicing safe sex.

How to prepare for your Pap test

• Schedule your appointment one to two weeks after your period.
• Refrain from having sex, douching or using vaginal medicines 48 hours before your appointment, as these may wash away or hide abnormal cells.
• Share any changes you experience with your provider.

Get a screening mammogram. A mammogram is the most effective way to catch any irregularity or cancer early. Mammograms, in combination with regular self-exams, can help catch cancer early. If you are a woman older than 40, we strongly encourage you to have a thorough discussion with your health care provider regarding mammography screening. View our detailed guidelines, and learn more about mammograms and other ways to prevent breast cancer.